Joe Rogan is a comedian, UFC commentator, and the host of the Joe Rogan Experience. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – Neuro: https://www.getneuro.com and use code LEX – Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX – Dollar Shave Club: https://dollarshaveclub.com/lex Episode Links: Joe’s Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/joerogan Joe’s Twitter: http://twitter.com/joerogan JRE (Spotify): https://open.spotify.com/show/4rOoJ6Egrf8K2IrywzwOMk JRE (Apple): https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-joe-rogan-experience/id360084272 JRE (YouTube): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzQUP1qoWDoEbmsQxvdjxgQ If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:17 – Fear of mortality 06:48 – Chaos of 2020 and beyond 10:32 – Are we going to be okay? 19:30 – Violence, competition, and Sober October 26:45 – Mike Tyson 27:49 – Managing obsession 30:13 – Jiu jitsu game 35:55 – Best martial art for self defense 39:30 – Guns 43:59 – Memorable JRE moments 49:31 – Ideas breed in brains of humans 56:08 – Advice for Lex 1:06:09 – Long-form conversation 1:12:28 – Meaning of life

James Gosling is the founder and lead designer of the Java programming language. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – Public Goods: https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex – ExpressVPN: https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 0:00 – Introduction 4:45 – Irrational numbers 8:04 – Math and programming 10:36 – Coding style 14:41 – First computer 23:54 – Lisp 27:22 – Write an Emacs implementation in C 35:15 – Early days of the Internet 45:57 – Elon Musk, Steve Jobs, Jeff Bezos 56:13 – Work hard and smart 58:48 – Open source 1:10:25 – Java 1:28:31 – Java virtual machine 1:44:05 – Android 1:47:04 – Advice

Ryan Hall is a jiu jitsu black belt, UFC fighter, and a philosopher of the martial arts. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – PowerDot, use code LEX: https://powerdot.com/lex – Babbel: https://babbel.com and use code LEX – Cash App: download app & use code “LexPodcast” If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 0:00 – Introduction 7:22 – Greatest warrior in history 11:48 – Genghis Khan 17:32 – Nature is metal 21:49 – Cancel culture 36:11 – Sci-fi books and movies 44:50 – Essence of jiu jitsu 51:17 – Jiu jitsu is a language 1:01:12 – How to get started in jiu jitsu 1:14:01 – The value of a good coach 1:25:42 – Lex training with Ryan 1:31:06 – Toxicity on the internet 1:34:41 – Joe Rogan 1:42:25 – Alex Jones 2:07:02 – Donald Trump 2:09:45 – The American ideal 2:17:33 – What does it take to be a jiu jitsu black belt 2:49:06 – Elon Musk 2:57:39 – Fighting BJ Penn 3:04:13 – Conor McGregor 3:12:08 – How to beat Khabib Nurmagomedov 3:16:00 – Top MMA fighters of all time 3:24:41 – Mike Tyson 3:41:13 – Fear of death

Stephen Wolfram is a computer scientist, mathematician, and theoretical physicist. This is our second conversation on the podcast. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex – Sun Basket, use code LEX: https://sunbasket.com/lex – MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 07:14 – Key moments in history of physics 12:43 – Philosophy of science 14:37 – Science and computational reducibility 22:08 – Predicting the pandemic 38:58 – Sunburn moment with Wolfram Alpha 39:46 – Computational irreducibility 46:45 – Theory of everything 52:41 – General relativity 1:01:16 – Quantum mechanics 1:06:46 – Unifying the laws of physics 1:12:01 – Wolfram Physics Project 1:29:53 – Emergence of time 1:34:11 – Causal invariance 1:53:03 – Deriving physics from simple rules on hypergraphs 2:07:24 – Einstein equations 2:13:04 – Simulating the physics of the universe 2:17:28 – Hardware specs of the simulation 2:24:37 – Quantum mechanics in Wolfram physics model 2:42:46 – Double-slit experiment 2:45:13 – Quantum computers 2:53:21 – Getting started with Wolfram physics project 3:14:46 – The rules that created our universe 3:24:22 – Alien intelligences 3:32:29 – Meta-mathematics 3:37:58 – Why is math hard? 3:52:55 – Sabine Hossenfelder and how beauty leads physics astray 4:01:07 – Eric Weinstein and Geometric Unity 4:06:17 – Travel faster than speed of light 4:16:59 – Why does the universe exist at all

Manolis Kellis is a professor at MIT and head of the MIT Computational Biology Group. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – Public Goods: https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX – Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex link & using code LEX at checkout – ExpressVPN: https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod Lex Fridman Podcast survey mentioned in the intro: https://www.surveygizmo.com/s3/5833660/Lex-Fridman-Podcast-Survey If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 06:20 – Epigenome 10:28 – Evolution 15:26 – Neanderthals 27:15 – Origin of life on Earth 43:44 – Life is a fight against physics 49:56 – Life as a set of transformations 51:35 – Time scales 1:00:31 – Transformations of ideas in human civilization 1:05:19 – Life is more than a rat race 1:13:18 – Life sucks sometimes and that’s okay 1:30:16 – Getting older 1:36:21 – The best of MIT 1:49:01 – Poem 1: The Snow 2:01:52 – Love 2:06:16 – Poem 2: The Tide Waters

David Fravor is a navy pilot of 18 years and a primary witness in one of the most credible UFO sightings in history, video of which has been released by the Pentagon and reported on by the NY Times. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex – ExpressVPN: https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 07:13 – Top Gun 12:06 – Navy pilot career 24:14 – AI is the third brain of a jet fighter 40:37 – Sully 47:34 – Landing a jet fighter on a carrier 53:18 – What’s it like to fly a jet fighter? 1:05:22 – Greatest plane ever made 1:11:04 – The Tic Tac UFO story 1:49:16 – Intelligent extraterrestrial life 1:53:30 – Why aren’t UFOs investigated more seriously 1:59:52 – Tic Tac UFO details 2:07:55 – What do you think the Tic Tac was? 2:16:23 – SpaceX 2:30:01 – Response to Mick West Debunking 2:48:24 – Was the Tic Tac a secret military test? 3:00:07 – Is the government in possession of alien spacecraft? 3:25:28 – Interesting UFO sightings in history 3:39:55 – Advice for Young People 3:47:47 – Meaning of life

My attempt to find the words to honor my grandmother, an amazing woman who is responsible for much of who I am, who taught me how to be a man, taught me about strength, about wisdom, about compassion, about love. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – In memory of my grandmother 02:00 – Lesson 1: Mental Toughness 04:31 – Lesson 2: Strength 07:25 – Lesson 3: Wisdom 08:46 – Lesson 4: Believe in Yourself 12:13 – Lesson 5: Love 15:37 – Poem

Eugenia Kuyda co-founder of Replika, an AI companion. Please check out our sponsors to get a discount and to support this podcast: – Dollar Shave Club: https://dollarshaveclub.com/lex – DoorDash: download app & use code LEX – Cash App: download app & use code “LexPodcast” Episode links: Eugenia’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/ekuyda Replika’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/myreplika Replika’s Website: https://replika.ai If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 06:18 – Loneliness 13:54 – Can AI alleviate loneliness? 18:13 – Love 20:49 – Russia in the 1990’s 31:47 – Chernobyl 41:35 – Communism 49:21 – Losing a friend 57:55 – Mortality 1:10:41 – Replika origin story 1:59:37 – Bringing people back to life with AI 2:05:37 – Relationship with Replika 2:18:27 – Can you form a connection with text alone? 2:27:45 – Does an AI companion need a body? 2:30:20 – Her 2:37:24 – GPT-3 for conversation 2:43:48 – We should be nice to AI 2:46:52 – Book recommendations 2:53:45 – Russian language 2:58:41 – Meaning of life

My thoughts on 8 possible long-term futures of Neuralink after attending the August 2020 progress update. This is a solo episode #2 of the podcast. Hopefully it’s interesting to some folks. The aim is for these episodes to be focused on a particular topic, at times challenging, at times personal, at times exciting to me on a technical and philosophical level like the episode today. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 04:42 – 1. Alleviating Suffering 07:25 – 2. Consciousness and Intelligence 11:39 – 3. Augmented Body, Mind, and Reality 13:42 – 4. Gaming & Virtual Reality 16:25 – 5. Merging Tech & Biology 19:40 – 6. Telepathy 22:58 – 7. Memories & Immortality 28:04 – 8. Merging with AI

François Chollet is an AI researcher at Google and creator of Keras. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors (and get discount): – Babbel: https://babbel.com and use code LEX – MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex – Cash App: download app & use code “LexPodcast” Episode links: Francois’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/fchollet Francois’s Website: https://fchollet.com/ On the Measure of Intelligence (paper): https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01547 If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:04 – Early influence 06:23 – Language 12:50 – Thinking with mind maps 23:42 – Definition of intelligence 42:24 – GPT-3 53:07 – Semantic web 57:22 – Autonomous driving 1:09:30 – Tests of intelligence 1:13:59 – Tests of human intelligence 1:27:18 – IQ tests 1:35:59 – ARC Challenge 1:59:11 – Generalization 2:09:50 – Turing Test 2:20:44 – Hutter prize 2:27:44 – Meaning of life

David Eagleman is a neuroscientist at Stanford. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors: – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex – Cash App: download app & use code “LexPodcast” Episode links: David’s Website: https://www.eagleman.com/ David’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/davideagleman Livewired (book): https://amzn.to/3ba4ezv If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:05 – Livewired 16:39 – Hardware vs software 25:53 – Brain-computer interfaces 35:12 – 2020 is a challenge for neuroplasticity 46:08 – Free will 50:43 – Nature of evil 58:55 – Psychiatry 1:06:28 – GPT-3 1:13:31 – Intelligence in the brain 1:21:51 – Neosensory 1:31:27 – Book recommendations 1:34:07 – Meaning of life 1:36:53 – Advice for young people

New podcast name. New Russian hitman thumbnail. Everything else stays the same. AI is still my passion, but this gives me a bit more freedom to talk to interesting folks from all over. Thanks for the support & the love. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon.

Grant Sanderson is a math educator and creator of 3Blue1Brown. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors: – Dollar Shave Club: https://dollarshaveclub.com/lex – DoorDash: download app & use code LEX – Cash App: download app & use code “LexPodcast” Episode links: 3Blue1Brown: http://youtube.com/3blue1brown Grant’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/3blue1brown If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:13 – Richard Feynman 09:41 – Learning deeply vs broadly 13:56 – Telling a story with visualizations 18:43 – Topology 23:52 – Intuition about exponential growth 32:28 – Elon Musk’s exponential view of the world 40:09 – SpaceX and space exploration 45:28 – Origins of the Internet 49:50 – Does teaching on YouTube get lonely? 54:31 – Daily routine 1:00:20 – Social media 1:10:38 – Online education in a time of COVID 1:27:03 – Joe Rogan moving to Spotify 1:32:09 – Neural networks 1:38:30 – GPT-3 1:46:52 – Manim 1:51:01 – Python 1:56:21 – Theory of everything 2:03:53 – Meaning of life

Sheldon Solomon is a social psychologist, a philosopher, co-developer of Terror Management Theory, co-author of The Worm at the Core. Please support this channel by supporting our sponsors: – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex – ExpressVPN at https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod – Cash App: download app & use code “LexPodcast” Episode links: Sheldon’s Website: https://www.skidmore.edu/psychology/faculty/solomon.php The Worm at the Core (book): https://amzn.to/31hQAXH Denial of Death (book): https://amzn.to/329Zxl4 If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/podcast or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:34 – Role of death in life 22:57 – Jordan Peterson 53:02 – Humans are both selfish and cooperative 56:57 – Civilization collapse 1:10:07 – Meditating on your mortality 1:16:10 – Kierkegaard and Heidegger 1:33:25 – Elon Musk 1:36:56 – Thinking deeply about death 1:45:53 – Religion 1:56:59 – Consciousness 2:03:39 – Why is Ernest Becker not better known 2:07:09 – AI and mortality 2:21:07 – Academia should welcome renegade thinkers 2:36:33 – Book recommendations 2:43:23 – Advice for young people 2:48:17 – Meaning of life

Sara Seager is a planetary scientist at MIT, known for her work on the search for exoplanets. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors. Click links, get discount: – Public Goods at https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX – PowerDot: https://powerdot.com/lex and use code LEX – Cash App – use code “LexPodcast” and download: – Cash App (App Store): https://apple.co/2sPrUHe – Cash App (Google Play): https://bit.ly/2MlvP5w Episode links: Sara’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/profsaraseager Sara’s Website: https://www.saraseager.com/ The Smallest Lights in the Universe (book): https://amzn.to/3g3LfHA If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:32 – Falling in love with the stars 09:55 – Are we alone in the universe? 15:27 – Seager equation for number of habitable planets 27:48 – Exoplanets 34:44 – Earth-like exoplanets 40:43 – Intelligent life 52:34 – Number of planets per star 55:09 – Space exploration 57:36 – Traveling to Proxima Centauri 1:00:52 – Starshade 1:07:34 – Using the sun as a gravitational lens 1:09:44 – Starshot 1:12:45 – Rogue planets 1:15:44 – The Smallest Lights in the Universe 1:30:15 – Book recommendations 1:37:48 – Advice for a young person 1:39:29 – Meaning of life

Dileep George is a researcher at the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence, co-founder of Vicarious, formerly co-founder of Numenta. From the early work on Hierarchical temporal memory to Recursive Cortical Networks to today, Dileep’s always sought to engineer intelligence that is closely inspired by the human brain. Support this channel by supporting our sponsors. Click links, get discount: – Babbel: https://babbel.com and use code LEX – MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex – Raycon: https://buyraycon.com/lex If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 0:00 – Introduction 4:50 – Building a model of the brain 17:11 – Visual cortex 27:50 – Probabilistic graphical models 31:35 – Encoding information in the brain 36:56 – Recursive Cortical Network 51:09 – Solving CAPTCHAs algorithmically 1:06:48 – Hype around brain-inspired AI 1:18:21 – How does the brain learn? 1:21:32 – Perception and cognition 1:25:43 – Open problems in brain-inspired AI 1:30:33 – GPT-3 1:40:41 – Memory 1:45:08 – Neuralink 1:51:32 – Consciousness 1:57:59 – Book recommendations 2:06:49 – Meaning of life

Russ Tedrake is a roboticist and professor at MIT and vice president of robotics research at TRI. He works on control of robots in interesting, complicated, underactuated, stochastic, difficult to model situations. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors. Click links, get discount: – Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex & use code LEX at checkout – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex – ExpressVPN: https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 04:29 – Passive dynamic walking 09:40 – Animal movement 13:34 – Control vs Dynamics 15:49 – Bipedal walking 20:56 – Running barefoot 33:01 – Think rigorously with machine learning 44:05 – DARPA Robotics Challenge 1:07:14 – When will a robot become UFC champion 1:18:32 – Black Mirror Robot Dog 1:34:01 – Robot control 1:47:00 – Simulating robots 2:00:33 – Home robotics 2:03:40 – Soft robotics 2:07:25 – Underactuated robotics 2:20:42 – Touch 2:28:55 – Book recommendations 2:40:08 – Advice to young people 2:44:20 – Meaning of life

Manolis Kellis is a professor at MIT and head of the MIT Computational Biology Group. He is interested in understanding the human genome from a computational, evolutionary, biological, and other cross-disciplinary perspectives. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors: – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex – Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex – MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 03:54 – Human genome 17:47 – Sources of knowledge 29:15 – Free will 33:26 – Simulation 35:17 – Biological and computing 50:10 – Genome-wide evolutionary signatures 56:54 – Evolution of COVID-19 1:02:59 – Are viruses intelligent? 1:12:08 – Humans vs viruses 1:19:39 – Engineered pandemics 1:23:23 – Immune system 1:33:22 – Placebo effect 1:35:39 – Human genome source code 1:44:40 – Mutation 1:51:46 – Deep learning 1:58:08 – Neuralink 2:07:07 – Language 2:15:19 – Meaning of life

Ian Hutchinson is a nuclear engineer and plasma physicist at MIT. He has made a number of important contributions in plasma physics including the magnetic confinement of plasmas seeking to enable fusion reactions, which is the energy source of the stars, to be used for practical energy production. Current nuclear reactors are based on fission as we discuss. Ian has also written on the philosophy of science and the relationship between science and religion. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors: – Sun Basket, use code LEX: https://sunbasket.com/lex – PowerDot, use code LEX: https://powerdot.com/lex If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 05:32 – Nuclear physics and plasma physics 08:00 – Fusion energy 35:22 – Nuclear weapons 42:06 – Existential risks 50:29 – Personal journey in religion 56:27 – What is God like? 1:01:34 – Scientism 1:04:21 – Atheism 1:06:39 – Not knowing 1:09:57 – Faith 1:13:46 – The value of loyalty and love 1:23:26 – Why is there suffering in the world 1:35:08 – AGI 1:40:27 – Consciousness 1:48:14 – Simulation 1:52:20 – Adam and Eve 1:54:57 – Meaning of life

Richard Karp is a professor at Berkeley and one of the most important figures in the history of theoretical computer science. In 1985, he received the Turing Award for his research in the theory of algorithms, including the development of the Edmonds–Karp algorithm for solving the maximum flow problem on networks, Hopcroft–Karp algorithm for finding maximum cardinality matchings in bipartite graphs, and his landmark paper in complexity theory called “Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems”, in which he proved 21 problems to be NP-complete. This paper was probably the most important catalyst in the explosion of interest in the study of NP-completeness and the P vs NP problem. Support this podcast by supporting our sponsors: – Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex – Cash App – use code “LexPodcast” and download: – Cash App (App Store): https://apple.co/2sPrUHe – Cash App (Google Play): https://bit.ly/2MlvP5w If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE: 00:00 – Introduction 03:50 – Geometry 09:46 – Visualizing an algorithm 13:00 – A beautiful algorithm 18:06 – Don Knuth and geeks 22:06 – Early days of computers 25:53 – Turing Test 30:05 – Consciousness 33:22 – Combinatorial algorithms 37:42 – Edmonds-Karp algorithm 40:22 – Algorithmic complexity 50:25 – P=NP 54:25 – NP-Complete problems 1:10:29 – Proving P=NP 1:12:57 – Stable marriage problem 1:20:32 – Randomized algorithms 1:33:23 – Can a hard problem be easy in practice? 1:43:57 – Open problems in theoretical computer science 1:46:21 – A strange idea in complexity theory 1:50:49 – Machine learning 1:56:26 – Bioinformatics 2:00:37 – Memory of Richard’s father